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Intro to CSS: Three CSS Color Types You Could Try

The simplest thing to make our web content attractive is to change text color. There are three CSS color types many programmers are using very commonly.

Hexadecimal

Hexadecimal is the # plus string of 6 hexadecimal numbers, which range from 0 to F. For example, color:#4B0082 is a purple color.

The first two numbers correspond how much red is in the color. The next two numbers correspond how much green in the color, and the last two numbers correspond to how much blue in the color. For example, color #FF0000 means all red. 

However, it is impossible to know the exactly hexadecimal for each color. So the easiest way is to find the color on Color Picker to select the color you want.


RGB

RGB includes three channels: Red, Green and Blue. Each ranges from 0 to 255. For example, if you want your <h1> text to color all green, you can use color: rgb (0,255,0).

RGBA

Just like RGB, but with an alpha (transparency) channel ranges from 0.0 to 1.0. For example, if you want your <h1> text to color all green with half transparency, the color will be rgba(0,255,0,0.5).

Now I am going to use those three color types to show a simple CSS color example.

Step one: create a HTML web page

I create a simple site named "Find Your Fruit" by using HTML. As you can see below, the text are all in default black. 

Step two: create a separate CSS file to add color property for those content.

Now I apply three different types of CSS color in this example. For h1, I go to the color picker site to select an watermelon kind of red color. Then, I copy the hexadecimal number (#FF5733) and paste in the color value.

Then, I add rgb value (50,100,150) for the h3 text color. I want the color is dark blue, so I put 150 on blue part. 

At last, I want the list content maintains the same color as the h3 text does, but only has some transparency. So I use rgba (50, 100, 150, 0.5), which keep the first three number unchanged, and add 0.5 transparency level.


Step three: link the CSS file to the HTML file

After I finished the CSS part, I link the css file "color example.css" to the HTML. Therefore, the web page can change the text color as I expected.



As the result:

Personally, I like the hexadecimal color type because I can view the color visually, and simply select any color I want in the color picker. For the RGB, I have to mix the three color channels by myself. Since I am not an artist, I have no idea how to mix red, green and blue into a different color. To be honest, I can't image what color I really want until I see it.




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